Well-drill



(No Mode1.\

W. R. WELKE.

WELL DRILL.

Patented Deo. 30, 1890.

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- UNITED VSTATES PATENT Ormes.

VILLIAM ROBERT VELKE, OF OAK CLIFF, ASSIGNOR OF ONF-HALF TO WV. J. AND C. I.. BETTERTON, OF DALLAS, TEXAS.

WELL-DRILL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N o. 443,688, dated December 30, 1890.

Application led May 20,1890. Serial No. 352,556. (No model.) I

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM ROBERT WELKE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Oak Cliff, in the county of Dallas and State of Texas, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Tell-Drills; and l do hereby declare the following` to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention has relation to drills for boring and sinking Artesian and other wells; and it consists in the combination and novel arrangement of parts, as hereinafter more fully described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and pointed out in the appended claims.

The object of my invention is, first, to provide a simple and inexpensive drill for boring Artesian and other wells, wherebyaweight located within a cylinder on the drill is made to force the cutters through rock, sand, and gravel met with in digging wells, and, second, to provide the drill with a set of interchangeable cutters suited for the diierent strata met with in sinking a well.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical section of a drill embodying my improvement. Fig. 2 is a similar view showing the cutters used for drilling through rock attached to the drill. Fig. 3 is a modified form of cylinder; Fig. 4L, a cross-section on the lineof Fig. 2.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, in which like letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures, the letter A designates a metallic cylinder closed at its lower end by a head B, provided with a dependent annular ilange h, at the upper edge cylinder A, and is provided with a central tapering opening d, through which passes the operating-rod d.

The letter E designates a hollow weight located within the cylinder A and provided at its upper edge with an opening c, the wall of which is beveled downward and inward, as shown. Upon opposite sides of the operating-rod d and near the lower end thereof are secu red in any desired manner spring-catches e', designed when the rod is lowered to enter the'opening e and engage with the shoulder e within the weight E, whereby said weight may be raised. The head D upon its lower face is cut away, as at f. to allow of the upper end of the weight, when in a raised position, to enter and allow of the spring-catches to enter the tapering opening d in the head D and trip the weight.

To prevent small particles of stones, gravel, or sand entering the cylinder and prevent the weight from working freely therein, I form a stuffing-box F on the head D, and to allow water and air that may be in the cylinder to escape and not interfere with the weight when descending upon the head B openings g are formed in the lower end of said cylinder. Vhen strata of sand or gravel are struck in sinking a well, the cylinder O is removed and the cylinder H placed upon the head B. This cylinder, as will be noticed, is closed at its lower end by a head h, provided with aseries of openings h', closed by hinged valves h. Then the cylinder is full of sand or gravel, which can be readilyjudged from the weight of the drill, it is raised and emptied of its contents. When strata of rock are met with, the cylinders C or H are removed and cylinder I secured to the head B, which is closed at its lower end by a head t', carrying on its circumference a series of dovetailed and screw-fastened chisels or cutters i. The method of securing these cutters to the valved head is clearly shown in Fig. 4. The headt'is also provided with a series of valved openings e7", and to readily remove the contents of the cylinder when brought to the surface I form therein a hand-hole t4, closed bya plate 5. To readily permit of the escape ot' air or water from the upper end of the cylinder while boring, an escapeopening .T is AFormed in the lower edge of the head B.

The operation of my improved drill, taken in connection with the above description and accompanying` drawing-s, may be briefiy described as follows:

To sink a well using' my im proved drill proceed as follows: The proper cutters having been adjusted by lowering,` the operating-rod which grips the weight, the rod is raised unt-il the spring-catches enter the tapering' opening in the head D and trips the weight and allowsit to fall upon the head B. This operation is continued until the well is of sutil,- cient depth, and as the cylinders get full or different strata are struck the drill A is brought to the surface and cleaned, or a different set of cutters secured to the head B.

I do not desire to limit myself to the construction herein shown and described, as many changes may he made without depart` ing from the spirit ot' my invention.

Having thus described my invention, what `I cla-ini, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In a drill, the cylinder closed at its upper end by a head with a stulling-box anda tapering opening and provided at its lower end with suitable cutters, in combination with an operating-rod passing;` through the upper head and a weight, said operating-rod being provided with spring-arms adapted to engage and raise said weightwithiu the cylinder and at the top thereof automatically to release it, as and for the purpose intended, substantially as described.

2. In a drill, the combination, with a cylinder closed at its upper end by a head provided with a stuliing-bo and a tapering opening, and an operating-rod with spring-arms passing' therethrough, of a weight within the cyl inder having its upper end shouldered to engage the spring-arms on the operating-rod and thereby be raised and automatically let fall, as and for the purpose intended.

3. In a drill, the cylinder provided at its upper end with a head carrying a stuiiing-box and at its lower end with a head having a dependent annular tlange and cutters secured thereto, in combination with a hollow weight contained within the cylinder, and au operating-rod provided with spring-arms adapted to engage the shoulder within said weight, as and for the purpose described.

l. In a drill, the closed driving-cylinder containing a weight adapted to be raised by an operating-rod, in combination with a detachable auxiliary earth chamber or carrier, said earth-chamber being provided at its bottom with inwardlyopeningvalves and peripheral cutting members, as and for the purpose intended, substantially as described.

5. In a drill, the cylinder A, having head D and stui'lingb0x h and vents g, the weight E and operating-rod il', the lower head B, having' upper and lower flanges, the auxiliary cylinder I, having valvcd lower head with cutters, upper Veut J, and side covered handhole i", all in combination, as and t'or the purpose setforth.

In testimony whereof I a'l'iix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM ROBERT \\'ELI{I 1.

\\"itnesses: 

